Explanation Text
What is explanation text?
Explanation text is a text that explains about a process or sequence of phenomena.
There are 2 types of explanation text; sequential and cause and effect.
What is the purpose of explanation text?
An explanation text is written to explain how and why something (natural or socio-cultural phenomena) in the world happen. The text contains the process or sequence of the phenomena.
What.What is the Structure of Explanation Text?
1. General Statement
In this general statement section, an explanatory text explains the general description of the natural phenomena/events that will be discussed. The point can be raised about the process of how these natural phenomena/events can occur.
2. Order of Cause and Effect
After knowing in general the phenomena to be discussed, this section explains the causes and consequences of these phenomena. You can do a description in several paragraphs regarding the cause and effect. This section is also known as a series of explanations.
3. Interpretation
Interpretation in the explanatory text can be regarded as drawing conclusions. You can provide feedback or statements regarding the phenomena raised in the text.
Purpose of explanation text
Explanation is a text which tells processes relating to forming of natural, social, scientific, and cultural phenomena.
The language features of explanation text
Focusing generic participant -> an object or phenomenon which is being discussed, such as; rain, chocolate, etc.
Using present tense -> This kind of text mostly applies present tense for its sentences, such as; "rain is the primary source of fresh water for most areas of the world, ......."; Chocolate starts from a tree called cacao tree, and etc.
Using chronological connectors -> The text applies chronological connectors / chronological connections / connectives, such as; first, second, third, then, after, after that, finally, so, as a consequence, and etc.
Using passive voice -> The text sometimes applies passive form, such as; "... the beans are fermented for about a week, dried under the sun, and shipped to the chocolate maker..."
Using noun, pronoun, verb, and etc. -> Like so many other text, explanation text absolutely applies a lot of nouns, pronouns (subject pronoun, object pronoun, possessive pronoun, demonstrative pronoun), action verb, and etc.
Example of explanation Text
Why Eiffel Tower was Built
Why Eiffel Tower was Built
If we talk about the Wonders of the World buildings, then we will see Eiffel Tower as one of them. However many of us do not know the tower’s past history on why it was build. Everything has the reasonable background, especially for the tower which is to be one of the most recognized buildings in the world.
Primarily, the Eiffel Tower was built for the World Exhibition. It was called Paris Exposition in 1889. The exhibition was organized to celebrate the 100th anniversary of the French Revolution. The purpose of building Eiffel Tower in such structure was to show to the world France’s advancement of technology and beauty. The Eiffel Tower was designed by Gustave Eiffel. It seemed that then the name of the tower was derived from the designer’s last name, “Eiffel”
Another reason on why the tower was built was for scientific progress. Although few realized it, the Eiffel Tower would become the prominent structure in terms of science and technology. Many experiment with temperature, pressure and pendulums were performed atop the unique famous building. Additionally the Eiffel Tower was used for radio transmission tower. Many experiments were conducted atop the Eiffel Tower for radio transmission advancement. Once the Eiffel Tower was proposed to be demolished but it was spared because the tower had the promising future as a radio tower.
Exercise page 11-15
1. The following things can be recycled, EXCEPT......
A. Precious metals
B. Broken glass
C. Old newspapers
D. Plastic spoons
E. Fresh vegetables and fruits.
2. Which of the following is NOT the benefit of recycling?
A. It costs much money for the process of recycling
B. It costs less to make new products
C. It requires less energy
D. It can reduce pollution
E. It reduces the demand for high-pollution alternatives
3. What is the third step of recycling paper products?
A. Collect and search for contaminants such as plastic bags and aluminium
foil.
B. Mix the paper with hot water in a blender which turns it into pulp.
C. Screen and filter the pulp to remove smaller contaminants.
D. Put the pulp to a large vat to separate the ink from the paper fibres.
E. Mix the pulp with new wood fibres to be made into paper again.
4. We can make use of the ink after being separated from the paper fibres by doing the followings, EXCEPT......
A. Skim it off
B. Dry it
C. Reuse as ink
D. Burn as boiler fuel
E. Mix it with the pulp
5. What is the text about?
A. The digestive system
B. The digestive juice
C. The method of the digestive system
D. The process of intestine work
E. The food substances
6. How can we swallow the food easily?
A. The food changes into acids absorbed by the villi.
B. The food must be digested first through the process.
C. The food is directly swallowed through the esophagus into the stomach.
D. The food is mixed with the juices secreted by the cells in the stomach.
E. The food we take must be changed into substances carried in the blood the places.
7. From the text above, we imply that......
A. a good process of the digestive system will help our body becoming healthier.
B. no one is concerned with the process of the digestive system for their health.
C. the digestive system is needed if we are eating the food instantly.
D. everybody must conduct the processes of the digestive system well.
E. the better we digest the food we eat, the healthier we will be.
8. Human body is made up of countless millions of cells. (Paragraph 1)) The phrase made up means.....
A Produced
B. Managed
C. Arranged
D. Completed.
E. Constructed
9. The text is about.....
A. the cacao tree
B. the cacao beans
C. the raw chocolate
D. the making of chocolate
E. the flavour of chocolate
.
10. The third paragraph focuses on....
A. the process of producing chocolate B. how to produce the cocoa flavour
C. where chocolate comes from
D. the chocolate liquor
E. the cacao fruit
11. so they are often sorted and blended to produce... (Paragraph 3.) The word sorted has the closest meaning to....
A. Arranged
B. Combined
C. Separated
D. Distributed
E. Organized
12. How does the chocolate maker start to make chocolate?
A. By fermenting the beans.
B. By roasting the beans.
C. By blending the beans.
D. By sorting the beans.
E. By drying the beans
13. What step after the hydrogen combines with carbon dioxide from the air...
A. Photosynthesis provides the chemical energy that is needed to produced these compounds.
B. Water is drawn from the soil to split into hydrogen and oxygen.
C. Food-making process that occurs in green plants.
D. Phosphorus from the soil-green plants can make starch, fat, protein, vitamins, and other complex compounds essential for life.
E. Oxygen from the water molecules is given off in the process.
14. What are photosynthesis need...
A Water, light, oxygen, worm
B. Soil, chlorophyll, sun, human
C. Bug, air, oxigen, food
D. Light, Carbon dioxide, humus
E Candle, vitamins, hydrogen
15. What is the product of photosynthesis....
A. Sugar
B. Food and 02
C. Root
D. Food
E Branch
PAGE 19
1. Mommy cleans the room every day.
A. The room was clean by mommy every day
B. The room is clean by mommy every day
C. The room is cleaned by mommy every day
D. Mommy is cleaned the room every day
E. The room was being cleaned by mommy every day
2. My uncle fixed the toy yesterday. The passive voice of the sentence is ….
A. My uncle was fixed the toy yesterday
B. The toy was fixed by my uncle yesterday
C. The toy was fix by my uncle yesterday
D. My uncle was being fixed the toy yesterday
E. The toy had been fixed by my uncle yesterday
3. Joe has taken a Mandarin course.
A. Joe has been taken a Mandarin course
B. A Mandarin course taken by Joe
C. A Mandarin course has been taken by Joe
D. Mandarin courses have taken by Joe
E. Mandarin course will be taken by Joe
4. In the 1920’s, this TV ….
A. is manufactured
B. was manufactured
C. will be manufactured
D. is going to manufactured
E. would manufacture
5. She … to my wedding party.
A. are invited
B. have been invited
C. has been invited
D. invited
E. has invited
6. Her first novel … tomorrow morning.
A. is launched
B. was launched
C. will be launched
D. has launched
E. have launched
PAGE 20
1.First Paragraph is General Statement
2.Second Paragraph is Sequenced Explanation
3. Third Paragraph is Sequenced Explanation
4. Fourth Paragraph is Closing
PART 3
Recycling is the collection, processing, and reuse of materials that would otherwise be thrown away. Materials ranging from precious metals to broken glass, from old newspapers to plastic spoons, can be recycled. The recycling process reclaims the original material and uses it in new products.
In general, using recycled materials to make new products costs less and requires less energy than using new materials. Recycling can also reduce pollution, either by reducing the demand for high-pollution alternatives or by minimizing the amount of pollution produced during the manufacturing process.
Paper products that can be recycled include cardboard containers, wrapping paper, and office paper. The most commonly recycled paper product is newsprint. In newspaper recycling, old newspapers are collected and searched for contaminants such as plastic bags and aluminum foil. The paper goes to a processing plant where it is mixed with hot water and turned into pulp in a machine that works much like a big kitchen blender. The pulp is screened and filtered to remove smaller contaminants. The pulp then goes to a large vat where the ink separates from the paper fibers and fl oats to the surface. The ink is skimmed off, dried and reused as ink or burned as boiler fuel. The cleaned pulp is mixed with new wood fibers to be made into paper again.
Experts estimate the average office worker generates about 5 kg of wastepaper per month. Every ton of paper that is recycled saves about 1.4 cu m (about 50 cu ft) of landfill space. One ton of recycled paper saves 17 pulpwood trees (trees used to produce paper).
1. The following things can be recycled, EXCEPT....
A. Precious metals
B. Broken glass
C. Old newspapers
D. Plastic spoons
E. Fresh vegetables and fruits
2. Which of the following is NOT the benefit of recycling?
A. It costs much money for the process of recycling
B. It costs less to make new products
C. It requires less energy
D. It can reduce pollution
E. It reduces the demand for high-pollution alternatives
3. What is the third step of recycling paper products?
A. Collect and search for contaminants such as plastic bags and aluminium foil
B. Mix the paper with hot water in a blender which turns it into pulp
C. Screen and filter the pulp to remove smaller contaminants
D. Put the pulp to a large vat to separate the ink from the paper fibres
E. Mix the pulp with new wood fibres to be made into paper again
4. We can make use of the ink after being separated from the paper fibres by doing the followings, EXCEPT....
A. Skim it off
B. Dry it
C. Reuse as ink
D. Burn as boiler fuel
E. Mix it with the pulp
Read the following text to answer questions number 5 to 10.
Acid rain is rain that is highly acidic because of sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, and other air pollutants dissolved in it. Normal rain is slightly acidic, with a pH of 6. Acid rain may have a pH value as low as 2.8.
Acid rain can severely damage both plant and animal life. Certain lakes, for example, have lost all fish and plant life because of acid rain.
Acid rain comes from sulfur in coal and oil. When they burn, they make sulfur dioxide (SO2 ). Most sulfur leaves factory chimneys as the gaseous sulfur dioxide (SO2 ) and most nitrogen are also emitted as one of the nitrogen oxides (NO or NO2 ), both of which are gasses. The gasses may be dry deposited–absorbed directly by the land, by lakes or by the surface vegetation. If they are in the atmosphere for any time, the gasses will oxidize (gain an oxygen atom) and go into solution as acids. Sulphuric acid (H2 SO4 ) and the nitrogen oxides will become nitric acid (HNO3 ). The acids usually dissolve in cloud droplets and may travel great distances before being precipitated as acid rain.
Catalysts such as hydrogen peroxide, ozone, and ammonium help promote the formation of acids in clouds. More ammonium (NH4 ) can be formed when some of the acids are partially neutralized by airborne ammonia (NH3 ). Acidification increases with the number of active hydrogen (H+) ions dissolved in acid. Hydrocarbons emitted by, for example, car exhausts will react in sunlight with nitrogen oxides to produce ozone. Although it is invaluable in the atmosphere, low-level ozone causes respiratory problems and also hastens the formation of acid rain. When acid rain falls on the ground it dissolves and liberates heavy metals and aluminum (Al). When it is washed into lakes, aluminum irritates the outer surfaces of many fish. As acid rain falls or drains into the lake the pH of the lake falls. Forests suffer the effect of acid rain through damage to leaves, through the loss of vital nutrients, and through the increased amounts of toxic metals liberated by acid, which damage roots and soil microorganisms.
5. What is the text mainly about?
A. The definition of acid rain
B. The process of acid rain
C. The effect of acid rain
D. Acid rain
E. Rain
___________________
Comments
Post a Comment